Literature
Booker Prize - This award is given to the writer of the best novel published in English by a citizen of the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. The Booker Prize has been awarded annually since 1968.
National Book Awards - The National Book Foundation has presented this award since 1950 to authors of outstanding books in a variety of genres.
National Book Critics Circle Award - Awarded annually, the National Book Critics Circle recognizes the finest books published in English in fiction and nonfiction.
Nobel Prize in Literature Site - This website lists the award winners from 1901 to the present.
Pulitzer Prize - The Pulitzer Prize was first awarded in 1917, and this website lists the winners in their various categories since that time.
Mystery
Agatha Awards - The Agatha Awards recognize excellent "traditional mysteries" published in the United States.
Edgar Awards - The Mystery Writers of America bestow the Edgar Allan Poe Award upon writers in several categories of fiction and nonfiction.
Shamus Awards - The Private Eye Writers of America, founded in 1981, gives this award for hardcover, paperback, and short story mysteries. Winners are listed from 1982 to present.
Science Fiction
Hugo Awards - This website has extensive listings of prize winners in various categories, including graphic novels, nonfiction, and screenplays. Science fiction fans will find plenty of reading choices here.